Roob hluav taws yog ib qho ntawm kev phom sij tshaj plaws thiab zoo nkauj tshaj plaws ntuj tsim. Lawv tsim nyob rau ntawm cov pob qij txha ntawm tectonic daim hlau thiab yog cov neeg xa khoom mus rau nruab nrab ntawm lub ntiaj teb. Niaj hnub no lub ntiaj teb muaj txog 500 roob hluav taws. Muaj qee leej nyob hauv Europe.
Ltalis - lub roob hluav taws ntawm cov teb chaws Europe
Ltalis tuaj yeem muaj kev nyab xeeb hu ua lub tebchaws nrog "teebmeem tshwj xeeb". Muaj peb lub zog loj ntawm cov roob hluav taws nyob hauv Apennine Peninsula thiab cov koog ib puag ncig. Txhua ntawm lawv tau paub nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb rau nws cov "kub siv".
Nws yog nyob rau hauv ltalis uas lub roob hluav taws nto moo tshaj plaws ntawm txhua lub sijhawm, Vesuvius, nyob. Nws tau koom nrog kev sib cav uas tau ntes los ntawm ntau tshaj ib tus tswv zoo ntawm txhuam - hnub kawg ntawm Pompeii. Niaj hnub no cov kws tshawb fawb tau xam lub Vesuvius eruptions, uas yog ib zaug txhua 20 xyoo.
Lub roob hluav taws ntawm Stromboli yog lub npe nrov rau yuav luag txuas ntxiv tawg rau ob txhiab xyoo. Nws txawm yog tus ua haujlwm hauv trendsetter. Lub pob tawg ntawm Strombolian yog nquag thiab tsis muaj teeb meem, tab sis nrog lub loj loj, tsis tuaj yeem txav ntawm lava.
Etna yog ib lub roob hluav taws muaj npe nrov tshaj plaws nyob hauv lub ntiaj teb. Hauv Tebchaws Europe, nws yog qhov ntau tshaj plaws. Mount Etna nyob rau sab qaum teb hnub poob ntawm Sicily, hauv thaj av Catania. Lub massif yog tas li nyob rau hauv ib lub xeev nchauv nkees, tab sis qhov tiag eruptions tsis tshwm sim ntau dua li ib zaug hauv ob peb xyoos. Cov kws tshawb fawb ntseeg tias thaum Etna yog "tham", tsis muaj dab tsi hem rau lub koog pov txwv.
Volcanic Islands tuaj ntawm Spain
Txhua lub roob hluav taws Spanish nyob ntawm Canary Islands. Lub roob hluav taws xob Teide yog lub cim ntawm Tenerife. Qhov ko taw ntawm nws qhov ua siab tshaj tuaj yeem tau mus txog los ntawm cable tsheb. Lub ascent rau cov craters tsuas yog ua tau nrog daim ntawv tso cai tshwj xeeb.
Ntawm cov kob ntawm Canar Lanserote, muaj Timanfaya Cov Chaw Ua Si, nto moo rau nws cov duab tshav ntuj thiab cov roob hluav taws. Tsis muaj cov kev taug kev hauv cov tiaj ua si no: txhua qhov kev tawm mus ncig ua si los ntawm cov npav lossis cov ntxhuav. Ib kauj ruam tsis ncaj ncees lawm, thiab koj yuav pom koj tus kheej hauv lub qhov, qhov kub uas tuaj yeem ncav cuag 500 ° C.
Cov roob hluav taws kuj tseem nyob rau lwm cov Islands tuaj ntawm Canary archipelago. Piv txwv li, xyoo 1971 muaj kev sib tsoo ntawm cov kob nrov ntawm La Palma. Nws tseem tsim nyog kom nco ntsoov tsis tsuas yog nyob hauv ntiaj teb, tab sis kuj tseem nyob hauv qab roob hluav taws. Ib ntawm cov no pheej tawg ib zaug nyob ze lub pov txwv Hierro.
Iceland: lub nroog roob hluav taws
Icelandic volcanic kob yog ib qho ntawm cov yau tshaj hauv ntiaj chaw. Muaj kwv yees li ntawm 160 lub roob hluav taws hauv lub tebchaws. Txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau cov phom sij ua pa ntawm hluav taws kub yog dormant: tsuas yog 30 nyob rau hauv cov nyhuv.
Nyob nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 20, qhov kev sib tsoo loj ntawm lub roob hluav taws hauv qab dej tau tshwm sim ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv ntawm Iceland. Qhov tshwm sim yog cov kob tshiab, lub neej uas cov kws tshawb fawb pib soj ntsuam zoo. Thaum xub thawj, Surtsey tau xaiv los ntawm cov kab mob, thiab 20 xyoo tom qab tawg, noog tshwm sim. Tus qauv me ntawm kev tsim lub ntiaj teb yog ua tib zoo tiv thaiv los ntawm tib neeg thiab kev siv lub cev mus los ntawm kev ua neej tshiab.
Ib qho ntawm qhov hnyav tshaj plaws ntawm lub xyoo pua 21st tau ua los ntawm Icelandic roob hluav taws xob Eyjafjallajökull. Hauv xyoo 2010, Tebchaws Europe tau muab daim ntaub thaiv zoo nkauj heev. Ntau tshaj 60,000 fij dav hlau tau raug muab tso tseg. Cov kws tshawb fawb ceeb toom tias lub roob hluav taws Katla ze ze yuav sai sai "hais lus", qhov uas muaj lawm yuav yog kaum tawm zaus yuav muaj zog.
Nws yog tsim nyog sau cia tias Icelanders tau kawm paub yuav ua li cas siv cov yam ntxwv ntuj ntawm lawv cov kob. Li ntawm 90% ntawm lub teb chaws lub tsev yog rhuab siv cov hluav taws kub. Lub qhov dej txhawv sov kuj tseem nrov heev.
