Easter Island Pob Zeb Saum

Cov txheej txheem:

Easter Island Pob Zeb Saum
Easter Island Pob Zeb Saum

Video: Easter Island Pob Zeb Saum

Video: Easter Island Pob Zeb Saum
Video: Easter Island Moai Statues: WHAT is Carved on the BACK? | Ancient Architects 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim

Cov xwm txheej loj ntawm Easter Island yog qhov xwm txheej ntawm Rapa Nui kab lis kev cai. Lub npe tag nrho ntawm cov mlom hauv hom lus hauv zos yog Moai Aringa Ora, uas txhais tau tias "nyob ntsej muag ntawm cov poj koob yawm txwv." Cov pob zeb loj heev no tau hais txog tus thawj coj thiab cov poj koob yawm txwv uas, tom qab kev tuag, muaj peev xwm tshaj tawm lawv "mana" - lub hwj chim ntawm sab ntsuj plig dhau pawg neeg.

Easter Island cov duab thaum hnub poob
Easter Island cov duab thaum hnub poob

Txheej xwm thaum ub

Cov kev ntseeg kev ntseeg thiab lub zog ntawm cov kev txiav txim siab hauv chav kawm hauv Polynesia, zoo li ntau lwm yam kev vam meej hauv ntiaj teb, tau ua rau muaj kev txhim kho ntawm cov txheej txheem zoo heev. Cov kos duab ntawm carving pob zeb duab tau paub rau thawj cov neeg Polynesian kev nkag tebchaws, coj los ntawm King Hotu Matua. Lawv caij nkoj mus rau thaj tsam ntawm 400 mus txog 800 AD. Rapa Nui architecture qauv qauv nthuav dav dav hauv Polynesia, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv Marquesas Islands thiab Tahiti. Thaum lub sijhawm dhau los, lawv tau lawv tus kheej cov ntsiab lus thiab kev tsim qauv hauv Easter Island.

Cov txheej txheem nrog moai cov mlom saum dej hiav txwv
Cov txheej txheem nrog moai cov mlom saum dej hiav txwv

Lo lus "ahu" yog siv txhawm rau thaj chaw lossis thaj chaw uas muaj cov mlom tau teeb tsa. Ahu yog lub chaw tswjfwm, kev coj noj coj ua thiab kev ntseeg ntawm ntau haiv neeg thiab xeem neeg ntawm Island Island. Cov xwm txheej tseem ceeb tau nyob ntawm no: sau cov koob tsheej, tsev pam tuag thiab tsev neeg kev sib ntsib.

Feem ntau ntawm ahu dag thaum uas tig mus rau ntug hiav txwv. Cov txheej txheem tsim ua yuav luag txoj kab nyob ib puag ncig ntug dej hiav txwv. Qhov nruab nrab, qhov kev ncua deb ntawm lawv yog tsawg dua ib mais.

Yuav ua li cas moai tau tsim

Thawj cov mlom hauv Easter Island tau tsim los ntawm basalt thiab trachyte. Nws yog cov khoom siv tawv thiab hnyav heev, yog li nws siv sijhawm ntev los tsim cov duab puab me me. Tsis ntev, lub pob zeb hluav taws daj-xim daj tau tshawb pom ntawm cov nqes ntawm lub roob hluav taws kub Rano Raraku. Nws yog kua ntoo tshauv inlaid nrog basalt. Cov khoom siv no, hu ua tuff, tau ua pov thawj pom zoo dua rau kev tsim kho loj ntawm cov mlom uas siv cov cuab yeej yooj yim.

Easter Island mlom
Easter Island mlom

Cov kws ntoo tawm pob zeb txiav pob zeb nrog basalt lossis obsidian chisels. Nws siv sijhawm li ob xyoos los ua ib qho loj moai. Ua ntej, pem hauv ntej ntawm tus pej thuam tau txiav txim siab ncaj qha rau hauv pob zeb, tsuas yog lub qhov muag ua kom pom. Nws tsis paub yog vim li cas lawv tsis txiav cov av loj thiab thauj lawv mus rau qhov chaw ua haujlwm tau yooj yim dua. Hloov chaw, tus kws tshaj xo tau nce mus rau qhov chaw siab thiab feem ntau ntawm cov roob hluav taws, thiab tau kos txhua lub ntsej muag ntawm moai, suav nrog cov ntsej muag zoo ntawm lub ntsej muag thiab tes, hauv lawv qhov chaw qub. Ntawm theem kawg ntawm kev ua haujlwm, tus mlom tau raug txiav tawm ntawm pob zeb. Tom qab ntawd nws swb txoj kab nqes mus rau hauv toj. Cov neeg tuav nws nrog hlua ntawm cov ntoo fiber. Moai tsaws hauv qhov khawb qhov ua ntej, thiab tuav txoj haujlwm ncaj ncaj. Hauv txoj haujlwm no, tus kws tsim txuj ci ua tiav txoj haujlwm nyob tom qab thiab xa cov khoom mus rau qhov chaw kawg.

58 moai muaj lub taub hau liab liab hu ua pukao. Nws muaj ib tug cylindrical puab thiab yog ua los ntawm liab tuff los ntawm Puna Pau roob hluav taws chaw txua txiag zeb. Pukao ntseeg tau tias yuav muab cov plaub hau khi rau hauv ib tus bun thiab dyed ocher. Cov plaub hau no tau hnav los ntawm qee pawg neeg Polynesian.

Cas tus pej thuam thauj thiab ntsia

Txav mus rau cov mlom loj loj thiab hnyav no tseem seem Easter Island tus loj tshaj plaws tsis muaj kev paub tsis meej. Muaj ntau tus qauv kev xav loj uas tau txhawb nqa los ntawm kev sim. Lawv pom tias cov neeg thaj av thaum ub tau txav mus rau 10-tuj moai.

Txhim kho moai mlom rau ntawm lub platform
Txhim kho moai mlom rau ntawm lub platform

Cov qauv qub ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb hais tias moai "taug kev" rau lub platform. Tus dev tau yuam kom lwm txoj kev khoov dhau los, ua viav vias mus rau ib sab thiab tso cov cav ntxiv. Lwm qhov kev sim ua kom pom tseeb tau pom tias cov mlom tuaj yeem thauj tau ntawm lub cav ntoo uas ntim hla lub cav hla.

Thaum moai tsa tau lawm, lub qhov muag tau txiav tawm rau hauv qhov muag dawb coral thiab obsidian cov tub kawm ntawv tau muab tso rau. Thaum lub sijhawm, nws tau ntseeg tias tus pej thuam tau tso nws lub hwj chim loj dhau los ntawm nws lub qhov muag mus rau pawg neeg los tiv thaiv nws. Qhov no piav qhia txog vim li cas txhua moai saib mus rau hauv cov kob, qhov uas lub nroog tau, thiab tsis muaj dej hiav txwv. Nrog poob nws lub qhov muag, tus mlom kuj poob nws lub zog.

Muaj pes tsawg daim duab nyob rau Easter Island

Muaj txog 900 moai sau npe rau ntawm Easter Island. Ntawm cov no, 400 yog nyob hauv Rar Raraku chaw txua txiag zeb thiab 288 raug teeb tsa rau ntawm lub sam thiaj. Tus so tau tawg ua ke nyob rau ntau qhov chaw ntawm cov kob, tej zaum sab laug ntawm txoj kev mus rau qee qhov ah.

Pob zeb mlom ntawm Easter Island
Pob zeb mlom ntawm Easter Island

Qhov nruab nrab qhov siab ntawm moai yog txog 4.5 meters, tab sis 10-nti cov yam ntxwv kuj pom nyob ntawm cov kob. Cov txheej txheem luj yog txog 5 tons, tab sis 30-40 daim duab hnyav tshaj 10 tons.

Qhov nrov tshaj plaws moai platform

Ahu Tahai

Tahai
Tahai

Cov chaw sib hais thaum ub ntawm Tahai nyob ze rau lub nroog Hanga Roa - lub nroog Easter Island. Lub chaw uas zoo heev ntawm thaj chaw npog thaj tsam ntawm thaj tsam ntawm 250 square metres. Tus kws tshawb xyuas qub tebchaws William Malloy tau ua tib zoo tshawb nrhiav ntawm Tahai cov khoom qub uas tau tshawb pom thiab rov kho ntau lub txheej txheem: cov hauv paus tsev nyob hauv cov duab ntawm lub nkoj ntxeev, nqaij qaib thiab pob zeb ua noj. Tahai qhov chaw tshaj plaws yog lub sam xeeb ua ke nrog tsib tus pej thuam. Ib me ntsis ntxiv mus yog lub leeg moai, ua tsis zoo los ntawm kev yaig. Ob peb metres los ntawm nws sawv ntawm lub cev rov qab ua tus mlom - qhov tsuas yog ib qho ntawm cov kob nrog tswj qhov muag.

Ahu naw naw

Anakena puam Easter kob thiab cov mlom
Anakena puam Easter kob thiab cov mlom

Lub Nau Nau platform yog qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws thiab zoo tshaj plaws ntawm peb qhov tsim tawm ntawm Anakena Beach. Raws li cov lus dab neeg, nws nyob ntawm no tias thawj cov neeg tuaj ntawm Polynesia, coj los ntawm King Hotu Matua, tsaws. Cov mlom tseem nyob hauv av xuab zeb ntev ntev, uas tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm yaig.

Ahu Akivi

Ahu Akivi Rapa Nui Island
Ahu Akivi Rapa Nui Island

Akivi yog thawj ahu raug rov txhim kho rau hauv cov kob. Cov no tsuas yog cov pej thuam uas ntsib lub hiav txwv. Cov naj npawb xya tau ntseeg tau los nco txog ntawm xya tus neeg tshawb nrhiav uas nrhiav tau Rapa Nui Island thiab tshaj tawm nws rau King Hotu Matua.

Ahu Tongariki

Ahu Tongariki Easter Island
Ahu Tongariki Easter Island

15 lub pob zeb loj heev tau nruab rau 100 thaj chaw ntev ntawm lub thaj. Qhov no yog qhov chaw loj tshaj plaws hauv archaeological tsis yog tsuas yog hauv Easter Island, tab sis nyob rau txhua qhov ntawm Polynesia. Tag nrho cov duab sib txawv hauv qhov siab thiab hauv kev ua yeeb yam ntawm kev nthuav dav. Qab lub platform, muaj tsawg kawg 15 ntau moai, tawg. Raws li cov neeg sau keeb kwm, lawv yog ib feem ntawm Ahu Tongariki, uas tuaj yeem sawv dhau 30 lub tuam tsev.

Ahu Te Peu

easter kob saum
easter kob saum

Kev sib hais ntawm Te Peu tau nyob twj ywm rau qhov tsis tau muaj txij li thaum cov neeg nyob puag thaum ub tau tawm ntawm qhov chaw no. Cov mlom tawg tau tawg thiab pov tseg hauv thaj chaw deb ntawm qhov chaw tseem ceeb ntawm cov neeg ncig tebchaws. Cov thawj ntawm cov mlom thaum ub tau ib nrab nyob hauv av, thiab lawv lub cev yog qhov txawv txav ntawm lwm lub pob zeb nyob ntawm ntug hiav txwv.

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