Is Nrias teb yog ntau lub teb chaws, ntau ntau hom lus tau hais hauv nws, uas, ntxiv rau, tau muab faib ua ntau yam lus sib txawv. Txoj Cai lij choj ntawm Indian hais tias lub xeev cov lus uas tuaj yeem siv rau hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm tsoomfwv hauv tebchaws yog Askiv thiab Hindi. Cov lus ntawm Bengali, Urdu, Telugu, Santali, Makipuri thiab lwm yam muaj ntau nyob ntawm thaj chaw ntawm lub teb chaws; lawv yog cov neeg sib txawv lus.
Xeev cov lus ntawm Is Nrias teb
Xyoo 1947, Is Nrias teb tau txais kev ywj pheej los ntawm Great Britain thiab tus thawj coj hauv tebchaws tau ntsib cov lus nug tsis txaus ntseeg txog lub xeev cov lus. Txij li puag thaum ub, lub teb chaws tau muaj ntau yam lus, thiab cov lus zoo li no yuav tsum muab nws tso ua ke. Ib qho ntxiv, nws tau txiav txim siab ua ib qho ntawm feem ntau kawm thiab yooj yim kawm.
Tau ntev xyoo, Is Nrias teb yog tebchaws Askiv cov pej xeem, yog li cov lus Askiv yog muaj thoob plaws hauv nws thaj chaw. Nws kuj ua haujlwm raws li lub xeev nyob hauv lub nroog, thiab tau hais lus los ntawm cov neeg Qhab. Tab sis nws yuav coj txawv txawv los tuav nws cov xwm txheej, yog li Hindi, ib qho ntawm cov neeg nyiam Indian lus, tau txais lub npe no.
Hindi yog nyob rau Indo-European tsev neeg thiab tau muab faib ua ntau yam lus, uas tau hais nyob rau sab qaum teb thiab nruab nrab ntawm lub teb chaws. Nom tswv daim ntawv yog tus qauv version siv los ntawm tsoomfwv. Hindi nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb thib ob hauv cov lus ntawm cov neeg hais lus tom qab Suav: cov duab no ntau dua plaub puas lab, uas yog, kwv yees li 40% ntawm lub teb chaws cov pej xeem.
Txawm hais tias qhov tseeb hais tias tom qab tau siv lub xeev cov lus, lus Askiv raug tso cai siv rau kaum tsib xyoos (nws tsis tuaj yeem tso tseg nws tam sim ntawd), nws txuas ntxiv mus thiab nkag mus yuav luag txhua qhov ntawm lub neej ntawm cov neeg Khab. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, nws tau txiav txim siab los ua nws cov lus hauv lub xeev thib ob.
Lwm yam lus ntawm Is Nrias teb
Hauv Is Nrias teb, ntau dua peb caug hom lus hais, uas yog rau cov tsev neeg cov lus sib txawv: Indo-European, Tibeto-Burmese, Munda, Dravidian. Thawj pab pawg suav nrog cov Marathi, ib txwm muaj nyob hauv Goa, Maharashtra thiab Daman, Nepali, uas tau hais hauv Sikkim, Bengali - cov lus ntawm West Bengal, Urdu, siv hauv Kashmir.
Hauv Orissa lawv hais cov lus Oriya, hauv Bihar lawv hais lus Maithili. Dravidian pawg suav nrog Kannada, Telugu, Tamil, thiab Tibeto-Burmese - Bodo thiab Manipura. Munda tsev neeg muaj ib tus sawv cev hauv Is Nrias teb - cov lus Santali, ib txwm muaj, nrog rau lwm tus, hauv Orissa, West Bengal, Bihar. Txhua tus ntawm lawv muaj xwm txheej ntawm lub tebchaws, raug lees paub hauv cov xeev.
Muaj ntau ntau ob peb lwm yam lus hais hauv Is Nrias teb tab sis tsis pom zoo los ntawm tsoomfwv. Ntau ntawm lawv raug hu los ntawm qee qhov lus txawv suab ntawm Hindi: cov no yog Marwari, Bagheli, Bundeli. Lwm qhov yog kev sib xyaw ntawm ob hom lus: piv txwv, Hindustani yog kev sib xyaw ntawm Hindi thiab Urdu, thiab Hinglish yog kev sib xyaw ntawm lus Askiv thiab Hindi.
