Cov khawv koob dab neeg thiab lus dab neeg ntawm Ancient Sab Hnub Tuaj - Samarkand. Qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm kev tshawb fawb, kev coj noj coj ua thiab kev lag luam lub neej nyob rau hauv Nrab Hnub nyoog, lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawm Great Silk Road.
"Lub nroog ntawm Cov Ntxoov Ntxoo" yog qhov ua tim khawv rau kev hloov ntawm lub sijhawm thiab tus thawj coj zoo, uas tau ntsib ntau lub sijhawm poob qis thiab muaj kev vam meej ntau zaus, cov laus thaum ub thiab nyob mus ib txhis. Nws tau hu los ntawm paj huam, mus rau lub yeeb koob ntawm nws cov kws kes duab vajtse lawv tsim minarets, palaces thiab mausoleums, nws yog tag nrho ntawm mysticism thiab ua tsis taus pa ntawm centuries settles rau nws cov phab ntsa thaum ub.
Keeb Kwm
Lub nroog muaj txog peb txhiab xyoo thiab kev sib cav nyob rau nws lub hnub nyoog tsis txo rau hnub no. Qee qhov chaw hauv Arabic hnub los ntawm 3,700 mus rau 4,700 xyoo. Tab sis leej twg tuaj yeem paub yog qhov no ntseeg tau? Nws tau paub los ntawm ntau lub npe. Hauv Avesta (phau ntawv dawb huv ntawm Zoroastrianism), tau hais tawm ua lub peev ntawm lub xeev Sogdiana. Thaum lub sijhawm kev sib tw ntawm Alexander the Great (hauv 329 BC) nws tau piav qhia nyob rau hauv lub npe Makaranda.
Qhov kawg ntawm thawj txhiab xyoo A. D. Samarkand yog lub peev ntawm Samanids, thiab txij li 1370 - qhov hlaws ntawm lub zog ntawm Tamerlane. Lub sijhawm Ulugbek kav, lub nroog dhau los ua lub chaw nruab nrab ntawm keeb kwm kev kawm hauv ntiaj teb Sab Hnub Tuaj. Tom qab ntawd nws tau mus dhau lub sijhawm poob - lub peev tau hloov mus rau Bukhara thiab nws tau dhau los ua ib qho bekdom (tus thawj xibfwb). Nrog kev tawm tsam ntawm Soviet Union, nws tau dhau los ua ib feem ntawm Uzbek SSR, txawm hais tias keeb kwm nws tau koom nrog Tajiks.
sights
Cov cim tsis ua haujlwm ntawm Samarkand yog qhov Registan Square. Peb qhov kev ua yeeb yaj kiab zoo kawg nkaus yog tig los ntawm cov ntawv xa mus rau qhov chaw nruab nrab. Thawj lub tsev kawm ntawv yog tsim los ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm Khan Ulugbek hauv 1420. Ntawm no lawv qhia lej, astronomy, philosophy thiab theology. Lub tsev tau nplua nuj dai kom zoo nkauj nrog ci ntsa iav - ntau yam ornaments adorn cov daj masonry. Tus Sher-Dor madrasah tau xeeb ua ib daim duab tsom iav ntawm Ulugbek madrasah thiab tau tsa nws ua ob peb tiam tom qab.
Nws lub portal tau hnav nrog ob tug tsov nqa lub hnub rau ntawm lawv nraub qaum, caum tus mos lwj dawb. Daim duab no yog lub cim hauv tebchaws ntawm Uzbekistan. Kev ua tiav ntawm cov tsim ua pawg cov khoom sib txuas yog qhov thib peb madrasah - Tillya-Kari ("them nrog kub"). Lub tsev tsis luam daim ob dhau los, yog me me hauv qhov loj me thiab muaj cov khoom zoo nkauj tshaj plaws hauv cov xim kub.
Bibi-Khanum Mosque yog qhov qauv tsim tshwj xeeb tshaj plaws rau lub sijhawm ntawd. Nws lub xiav dome yog "zoo li lub ntuj ceeb tsheej, thiab lub portal zoo li Milky Txoj Kev." Raws li cov lus dab neeg, nws tau txhim tsa los ntawm kev txiav txim ntawm Timur tus poj niam - Bibi-Khanum. Tus poj niam xeeb lub tsev yog khoom plig rau nws tus txiv ntawm kev taug kev. Tab sis tus kws kes duab vajtse uas tsim tsa lub tsev poob rau hauv kev hlub nrog tus poj huab tais thiab xav kom nws hnia qhov ua tiav ntawm kev ua haujlwm rau Timur tuaj txog. Qhov kawg ntawm cov lus dab neeg txawv - qee tus hais tias tus kws kes duab vajtse txawb nws tus kheej tawm ntawm lub minaret ntawm nws qhov kev tsim kom tsis txhob muaj kev tua neeg.
Thiab lwm qhov chaw hais tias tus vaj ntxwv xav kom tus tswv tsim lub tsev nplua nuj nyob sab qab teb thiab tom qab ntawd tua nws. Thiab nyob hauv lub qhov taub nws pib khaws cov tsev qiv ntawv thiab pauv cov txhab khoom muaj rau ntawd. Lub tsev khaws ntaub ntawv tseem tau rov ua dua tshiab los ntawm xeeb leej xeeb ntxwv ntawm Timur - Ulugbek, thiab nws tau lub npe yog qhov loj tshaj plaws ntawm kev sau ntawv hauv ntiaj teb. Thiab tom qab ntawd lub hom phiaj dungeon tau ploj mus ib txhis. Tab sis qhov no twb yog lwm zaj dab neeg …
Kuj tseem ceeb tshaj yog Gur-Emir Mausoleum, qhov ntxa ntawm Khoja Daniyar (tus yaj saub hauv phau npaiv npaum Daniel), Afrosiab hais sib haum, ntau lub tsev khaws khoom qub - koj tsis tuaj yeem sau txhua yam.
Yog, thiab tsis muaj ib qho tseem ceeb hauv kev pleev xim zoo nkauj - koj yuav tsum pom kom pom koj tus kheej hauv cov huab cua ntawm hoary qub txeeg qub teg, qhov twg txhua lub cib ua tim khawv rau keeb kwm thiab peb sawv daws tsuas yog ib pliag piv nrog nws.
