Chaw Ua Si Ntawm Crimea: Turkish Fortress Hauv Kerch

Cov txheej txheem:

Chaw Ua Si Ntawm Crimea: Turkish Fortress Hauv Kerch
Chaw Ua Si Ntawm Crimea: Turkish Fortress Hauv Kerch

Video: Chaw Ua Si Ntawm Crimea: Turkish Fortress Hauv Kerch

Video: Chaw Ua Si Ntawm Crimea: Turkish Fortress Hauv Kerch
Video: fortress Yeni-Kale Crimea the city of Kerch September 2021 2024, Hlis ntuj nqeg
Anonim

Ib qho ntawm cov npe nrov fortification ntawm Kerch yog Turkish fortress Yeni-Kale. Nws lub npe yog txhais los ntawm lus Turkish ua "fortress tshiab".

Chaw Ua Si ntawm Crimea: Turkish fortress hauv Kerch
Chaw Ua Si ntawm Crimea: Turkish fortress hauv Kerch

Cov Lus Qhia

Kauj ruam 1

Xyoo 1701, nyob rau ntug dej hiav txwv sab hnub poob ntawm Kerch Strait, Cov Turks tau pib tsim lub tsev so tshiab kom ua rau nws nyuaj rau cov nkoj Lavxias mus rau hauv Hiav Txwv Dub. Lub qhov dej khov tshiab tau tshwm sim ntawm ntug dej hiav txwv tsis zoo, sab xis yog Chushka nti. Nws yog qhov chaw tsis yooj yim rau cov nkoj hla hla: nws tsis tuaj yeem ua rau lub nkoj txav, vim tias lub nkoj tau dhau los, zoo li nws tau "raug" rau ntawm ntug hiav txwv rab phom loj.

Kev tsim kho raug saib xyuas los ntawm Italian Goloppo, uas hloov mus rau Islam. Muaj ntau tus kws tsim ua haujlwm hauv Fabkis kuj tau koom ua txoj haujlwm no. Xyoo 1703, kev ua haujlwm loj tau ua tiav. Lub fortress tau ua nyob rau hauv tus duab ze rau ntawm ib qho lus trapezoid. Lub fortress tau ncig los ntawm siab kev sib ntaus sib tua raws puag ncig. Ntawm daim av, nyob rau pem hauv ntej ntawm phab ntsa fortress, ib lub qhov tob tob raug khawb, thiab nyob sab ntug dej hiav txwv ib lub platform raug pua rau ntawm cov pias uas txoj kev dhau los. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho, peb txoj kev coj mus rau fortress: ib - los ntawm Kerch, raws ntug hiav txwv; qhov thib ob - los ntawm qaum teb sab hnub tuaj, los ntawm cov berths ntawm Yeni-Kalsky Bay thiab txoj kev hla los ntawm Taman; qhov thib peb - los ntawm sab ntawm Dzhankoy. Lwm qhov nkag tau coj los ntawm hiav txwv. Lub rooj vag tseem muaj zog ntxiv nrog cov yees thiab platform rau cov tub rog.

Duab
Duab

Kauj ruam 2

Lub fortress nyob hauv lub chaw uas zoo heev thiab muaj ntsa muaj zog. Nws yog ib lub qauv uas tsis zoo, ua nyob rau hauv peb qib, them los ntawm thaj av los ntawm ib feem kaum ntawm lub rooj zaum thiab qhov tob. Txawm hais tias muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo li no, thaum tsov rog Lavxias-Turkish xyoo 1771, cov tub rog Lavxias txeeb tau lub chaw siab, thiab xyoo 1774, raws li Kuchuk-Kainardzhiyskiy cov lus cog tseg, Kerch thiab Yeni-Kale raug xa mus rau Russia. Tom qab uas lub fortress poob nws cov tub rog tseem ceeb. Txij li thaum 1776, fairs pib npaj rau ze ntawm cov phab ntsa ntawm Yeni-Kale, uas cov tub lag luam los ntawm Crimea, Russia, thiab Caucasus tuaj sib sau ua ke.

Xyoo 1783, Catherine II tau kos npe rau "Kev txiav txim siab ntawm kev nkag ntawm tsev neeg Crimean Khanate mus rau hauv Lavxias teb chaws." Kerch thiab Yeni-Kale xaus rau qhov tob hauv tebchaws Russia. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nyob rau Cape Ak-Burun, uas kaw Kerch Strait los ntawm sab qab teb, kev tsim kho ntawm Alexander thiab Pavlovsky redoubts, ntxiv dag zog los ntawm Pavlovsk lub zog loj, pib. Yeni-Kalskaya txuj ci ua kom ploj mus rau tom qab. Tom qab qhov tsim ntawm Tauride cheeb tsam, kev sib hais haum hu ua Kerch-Yeni-Kale tau txais cov xwm txheej ntawm lub nroog. Tsis ntev lub nroog hauv nroog thaum kawg tsiv mus rau Kerch, thiab Yeni-Kale poob rau hauv kev lwj. Xyoo 1825, lub tuam tsev Yeni-Kale raug tshem tawm, thiab tsev kho mob tub rog nyob ntawm nws thaj chaw, thiab lub nroog maj hloov mus ua ib lub zos me me. Xyoo 1855, lub rooj zaum no tau koom nrog kev tsov rog zaum kawg - nws cov roj teeb tau sib ntaus sib tua luv nrog Anglo-Fabkis txoj kev tsaws hauv Kerch. Tab sis cov rog tsis zoo sib xws thiab Lavxias yuav tsum tawm.

Duab
Duab

Kauj ruam 3

Niaj hnub no Yeni-Kale yog ib qho ntawm kev pom ntawm Crimea. Lub fortress tau muab cov xwm txheej ntawm kev tswj hwm monument tiv thaiv los ntawm lub xeev. Txawm hais tias qhov tseeb hais tias nyob rau lub sijhawm thib ob ntawm xyoo pua 20th, ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov haujlwm rov qab tau nqa tawm hauv Yeni-Kala, yuav luag tag nrho cov chaw pov tseg yog hauv qhov chaw puas. Cov kev cai tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov rooj vag, tawg tsam ntawm phab ntsa fortress thiab ib nrab hauv qab daus los ntawm ntug hiav txwv. Ncaj nraim hauv thaj chaw ntawm thaj av muaj ib txoj kab tsheb ciav hlau sib txuas nrog Kerch nrog Kerch ferry hla. Kev co tsim los ntawm lub zog ntawm cov tsheb ciav hlau tsim cov kev hem thawj ntawm kev maj mam rhuav tshem. Tus saib ntawm chaw nres nkoj ntawm Crimea qhib los ntawm qhov chaw uas zoo heev ntawm lub fortress.

Pom zoo: